RECOMMENDED TREATMENT TIMES
The table below shows a list of recommendations for treating various skin lesions using liquid nitrogen. The technique, freeze time in seconds, number
of freeze-thaw-cycles (FTC), margin around the treated lesion, and number of treatment sessions are shown for indicated benign and premalignant/
malignant skin lesions. The recommended cryosurgical technique can be either open spray (OS), contact probe (CP
Benign lesions
Acne
Dermatofibroma
Hemangioma
Hypertrophic scar
Keloid
Seborrheic Keratosis
Myxoid Cyst
Pyogenic Granuloma
Skin Tags
Solar Lentigo
Viral Warts
Anogenital (condyloma acuminata)
Common (verruca vulgaris)
Flat (verruca plana)
Mosaic
Plantar (verruca plantaris)
Premalignant/
malignant lesions:
Actinic Keratosis
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)
Bowen's disease
Squamous Cell Carcino-ma (SCC)
OS: Open Spray
CP: Contact Probe
The table above is based on recommendations in the literature:
Zimmerman EE, Crawford P. Cutaneous cryosurgery. Am Fam Physician. 2012 Dec 15;86(12):1118-24.
Clebak KT, Mendez-Miller M, Croad J. Cutaneous Cryosurgery for Common Skin Conditions. Am Fam Physician. 2020 Apr 1;101(7):399-406.
Pasquali, Paola. (2015). Cryosurgery: A Practical Manual. 10.1007/978-3-662-43939-5.
Usatine, R.P., Stulberg, D.L., & Colver, G.B. (2005). Cutaneous Cryosurgery: Principles and Clinical Practice (4th ed.). CRC Press.
https://doi.org/10.1201/b17660
Freeze Time
Technique
(s)
OS/CP/SS
5 to 15
OS/CP
20 to 60
OS/CP
10
OS/CP
20
OS/CP
30
OS
10 to 15
OS/CP
5
OS
15
OS/CP
5
OS
5
OS
10
OS
10
OS
10
OS
30
OS
20
Freeze Time
Technique
(s)
OS
5 to 20
OS
60 to 90
OS
15 to 30
OS
60 to 90
SS: Soft Spray
Margin
FTC
(mm)
1
1
1
2
1
<1
1
2
1-3
2
1-3
<1
1
1 to 2
1
<1
1
1 to 2
1
<1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3 to 5
1
2
Margin
FTC
(mm)
1
1 to 2
1 to 3
5
1 to 2
3
1 to 3
5
Treatment
sessions
1
2
1
1
3
1 to 3
1
1
1
1
3 to 4
2
2
4
3 to 4
Treatment
sessions
1
1
1
1
47