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8 LINKS AND CONNECTIONS
8.2
Parameters for water quality
Check that the water contained in the water circuit, which goes through the heat exchangers of the machine (evaporators, condensers, desuperheaters,
recovery units), meets the following requirements throughout the life of the installation:
PARAMETER
1
2
Electrical conductivity
3
4
5
Hydrogen carbonate (HCO
6
7
8
Hydrogen sulfide (H
9
10
11
12
Free carbon dioxide (CO
13
14
15
16
17
* < 0,1 with low salt content; < 0,02 with high salt content.
Explanatory notes:
Ref. 1: A greater concentration of hydrogen ions (pH) than 9 implies a high risk of deposits, whereas a lower pH than 7 implies a high risk of corrosion.
Ref. 3: The hardness measures the amount of Ca and Mg carbonate dissolved in the water with a temperature lower than 100 °C (temporary hardness).
A high hardness implies a high risk of deposits.
Ref. 4: The concentration of chloride ions with higher values than those indicated causes corrosion.
Ref. 15-17-10: The presence of iron and manganese ions and oxygen leads to corrosion.
Ref. 12-8: Carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide are impurities that promote corrosion.
Ref. 11: Usually in water from the waterworks it is a value of between 0.2 and 0.3 ppm. High values cause corrosion.
Ref. 13: The presence of ammonia reinforces the oxidising power of oxygen.
Ref. 6: Below the value shown in the table, there is a risk of corrosion due to the trigger of galvanic currents between copper and other less noble metals.
Installation, use and maintenance manual - Original instructions
pH
Total hardness
Chloride (Cl-)
-)
3
(HCO
-) / (SO4
-)
3
2
Solphate (SO4
-)
2
S)
2
Nitrate (NO
-)
3
Oxygen
Free Chlorine (Cl
)
2
)
2
Ammonia (NH
)
3
Ammonium (NH
+)
4
Iron (Fe)
Aluminum (Al)
Manganese (Mn)
Table 15: Water values of the water circuit.
Refer to the data book for specific information on scaling factors.
UNIT
-
μS/cm
°dH
ppm
ppm
ppm/ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
ppm
NOTICE
EN
REQUIREMENT
7.5 - 9
10 - 500
4.0 - 8.5
< 100
70 - 300
> 1.0
< 70
< 0.05
< 100
< 0.02 *
< 0.5
< 5
< 0.5
< 2
< 0.2
< 0.2
< 0.05
104
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