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D-Link DES-3326 Bedienungsanleitung

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DES-3326
24-Port Fast Ethernet
Plus 2-Port Gigabit Module
Layer 3 Switch
User's Guide
Second Edition (July 2002)
651ES3326025
Printed In Taiwan
RECYCLABLE

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Inhaltszusammenfassung für D-Link DES-3326

  • Seite 1 DES-3326 24-Port Fast Ethernet Plus 2-Port Gigabit Module Layer 3 Switch User’s Guide Second Edition (July 2002) 651ES3326025 Printed In Taiwan RECYCLABLE...

  • Seite 2: Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise

    Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise Bitte lesen Sie sich diese Hinweise sorgfältig durch. Heben Sie diese Anleitung für den spätern Gebrauch auf. Vor jedem Reinigen ist das Gerät vom Stromnetz zu trennen. Vervenden Sie keine Flüssig- oder Aerosolreiniger. Am besten dient ein angefeuchtetes Tuch zur Reinigung. Um eine Beschädigung des Gerätes zu vermeiden sollten Sie nur Zubehörteile verwenden, die vom Hersteller zugelassen sind.
  • Seite 3 Reseller or D-Link Branch Office nearest to the place of purchase. This Warranty applies on the condition that the product Registration Card is filled out and returned to a D-Link office within ninety (90) days of purchase. A list of D-Link offices is provided at the back of this manual, together with a copy of the Registration Card.

  • Seite 4: Trademarks

    D-Link Offices for Registration and Warranty Service The product's Registration Card, provided at the back of this manual, must be sent to a D-Link office. To obtain an RMA number for warranty service as to a hardware product, or to obtain warranty service as to a software product, contact the D-Link office nearest you. An address/telephone/fax/e-mail/Web site list of D-Link offices is provided in the back of this manual.

  • Seite 5: Fcc Warning

    FCC Warning This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.

  • Seite 7: Inhaltsverzeichnis

    Table of Contents Introduction ............................10 Layer 3 Switching ..........................10 The Functions of a Layer 3 Switch....................11 Features ............................11 Ports .............................11 Performance Features........................11 Layer 2 Features ...........................11 Layer 3 Switch Features........................12 Traffic Classification and Prioritization ..................13 Management ..........................13 Optional Redundant Power Supply....................14 Fast Ethernet Technology ........................14 Gigabit Ethernet Technology......................14 Unpacking and Setup.........................15...
  • Seite 8 Internet Protocols ..........................46 Packet Headers..........................50 The Domain Name System .......................54 DHCP Servers ..........................55 IP Routing ............................55 ARP ..............................57 Multicasting ............................57 Multicast Routing Protocols ......................62 Routing Protocols ..........................62 Configuring the Switch Using the Console Interface ................87 Saving Changes..........................93 Advanced Setup..........................112 Layer 3 IP Networking........................121 Multicasting ..........................133 Port Mirroring ..........................142 Priority ............................144...
  • Seite 9 Runtime Switching Software Default Settings...................266 Understanding and Troubleshooting the Spanning Tree Protocol............267 Blocking State..........................267 Listening State ..........................268 Learning State..........................269 Forwarding State.........................270 Disabled State..........................271 Troubleshooting STP........................272 Spanning Tree Protocol Failure ....................272 Full/Half Duplex Mismatch......................273 Unidirectional Link ........................274 Packet Corruption ........................275 Resource Errors ..........................275 Identifying a Data Loop .......................275 Avoiding Trouble .........................275 Brief Review of Bitwise Logical Operations..................279...

  • Seite 10: Introduction

    ASIC – in hardware instead of software. Where a traditional router would have one, or at best a few, Fast Ethernet ports, the DES-3326 Layer 3 switch has 24 Fast Ethernet ports and optionally, 2 Gigabit Ethernet ports. Where a traditional router would have one or two high-speed serial WAN connections, the DES-3326 relies upon a Fast Ethernet port to connect to a separate device, which in turn, connects the network to a WAN or the Internet.

  • Seite 11: The Functions Of A Layer 3 Switch

    A Layer 3 switch can be placed anywhere within a network core or backbone, easily and cost-effectively replacing the traditional collapsed backbone router. The DES-3326 Layer 3 switch communicates with a WAN router using a standard Ethernet/Fast Ethernet port. Multiple DES-3326 switches can be linked via the optional, 2-port Gigabit Ethernet module.

  • Seite 12: Layer 3 Switch Features

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • Store and forward switching scheme. • Full and half-duplex for both 10Mbps and 100Mbps connections. The front-port Gigabit Ethernet module operates at full duplex only. Full duplex allows the switch port to simultaneously transmit and receive data, and only works with connections to full-duplex capable end stations and switches.

  • Seite 13: Traffic Classification And Prioritization

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • Hardware-based Layer 3 IP switching. • IP packet forwarding rate of 6.6 Mpps. • 2K active IP address entry table per device. • Supports RIP – (Routing Information Protocol) version I and II.

  • Seite 14: Optional Redundant Power Supply

    The DES-3326 24+2 Fast Ethernet Layer 3 Switch supports the optional DPS-1000 (Redundant Power Supply) to provide automatic power supply monitoring and switchover to a redundant power supply (located in the chassis of the DPS-1000) in case of a failure in the DES-3326’s internal power supply. Fast Ethernet Technology 100Mbps Fast Ethernet (or 100BASE-T) is a standard specified by the IEEE 802.3 LAN committee.

  • Seite 15: Unpacking And Setup

    ♦ One AC power cord ♦ This User’s Guide with Registration Card If any item is found missing or damaged, please contact your local D-Link reseller for replacement. Installation Use the following guidelines when choosing a place to install the Switch: ♦...

  • Seite 16: Rack Installation

    Figure 2-1. Installing rubber feet for desktop installation Rack Installation The DES-3326 can be mounted in an EIA standard-sized, 19-inch rack, which can be placed in a wiring closet with other equipment. To install, attach the mounting brackets on the switch’s side panels (one on each side) and secure them with the screws provided.

  • Seite 17: Power On

    Power on The DES-3326 switch can be used with AC power supply 100-240 VAC, 50 - 60 Hz. The power switch is located at the rear of the unit adjacent to the AC power connector and the system fan. The switch’s power supply will adjust to the local power source automatically and may be turned on without having any or all LAN segment cables connected.

  • Seite 18: Identifying External Components

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide DENTIFYING XTERNAL OMPONENTS This chapter describes the front panel, rear panel, optional plug-in modules, and LED indicators of the DES-3326. Front Panel The front panel of the Switch consists of LED indicators, an RS-232 communication port, a slide-in module slot, one switched MDI-X/MDI-II uplink port, and 23 (10/100 Mbps) Ethernet/Fast Ethernet ports.

  • Seite 19: Side Panels

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ The AC power connector is a standard three-pronged connector that supports the power cord. Plug-in the female connector of the provided power cord into this socket, and the male side of the cord into a power outlet.

  • Seite 20: 1000Base-Sx Fiber Module

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 1000BASE-SX Fiber Module Figure 3-6. 1000BASE-SX two-port module ♦ Front-panel module. ♦ Connects to 1000BASE-SX devices at full duplex. ♦ Allows connections using multi-mode fiber optic cable in the following configurations: 62.5µm 62.5µm...

  • Seite 21: Gbic Two-Port Module

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide GBIC Two-Port Module Figure 3-8. GBIC two-port module ♦ Front-panel module. ♦ Connects to GBIC devices at full duplex only. ♦ Allows multi-mode fiber optic connections of up to 550 m (SX and LX) and single-mode fiber optic connections of up to 5 km (LX only).

  • Seite 22: Connecting The Switch

    Category 5e UTP or STP cabling for 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet connections). The end node should be connected to any of the twenty-three ports (2x - 24x) of the DES-3326 or to either of the two 100BASE-TX ports on the front-panel module that came preinstalled on the switch. Port 1x can be used as an uplink port to connect to another switch using either a crossed or a straight-through cable.

  • Seite 23: 10Base-T Device

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ♦ A 10BASE-T hub or switch can be connected to the Switch via a two-pair Category 3, 4 or 5 UTP/STP straight cable. ♦ A 100BASE-TX hub or switch can be connected to the Switch via a two-pair Category 5e UTP/STP straight cable.

  • Seite 24: Switch Management And Operating Concepts

    (see Chapter 6, “Using the Console Interface”). A network administrator can manage, control and monitor the switch from the console program. The DES-3326 contains a CPU, memory for data storage, flash memory for configuration data, operational programs, and SNMP agent firmware. These components allow the switch to be actively managed and monitored from either the console port or the network itself (out-of-band, or in-band).

  • Seite 25: Ip Addresses And Snmp Community Names

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • Flow Control None Make sure the terminal or PC you are using to make this connection is configured to match these settings. If you are having problems making this connection on a PC, make sure the emulation is set to VT- 100.

  • Seite 26: Traps

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In addition, you can also set an IP Address for a gateway router. This becomes necessary when the network management station is located on a different IP network from the Switch, making it necessary for management packets to go through a router to reach the network manager, and vice-versa.

  • Seite 27: Snmp

    • Modifying the configuration of network devices. The DES-3326 has a software program called an ‘agent’ that processes SNMP requests, but the user program that makes the requests and collects the responses runs on a management station (a designated computer on the network). The SNMP agent and the user program both use the UDP/IP protocol to exchange packets.

  • Seite 28: Mibs

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • Authentication Failure This trap signifies that someone has tried to logon to the switch using an invalid SNMP community string. The switch automatically stores the source IP address of the unauthorized user.

  • Seite 29: Filtering

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide transmitted to all ports, are transmitted to the destination port only. Example: if Port 1 receives a packet destined for a station on Port 2, the Switch transmits that packet through Port 2 only, and transmits nothing through the other ports.

  • Seite 30: Spanning Tree

    – without operator intervention. The DES-3326 STP allows two levels of spanning trees to be configured. The first level constructs a spanning tree on the links between switches. This is referred to as the Switch or Global level. The second level is on a port group basis.
  • Seite 31 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide BPDU that may return the port to the blocking state. Table 5-1. STP Parameters – Switch Level The following are the user-configurable STP parameters for the port or port group level: Variable...
  • Seite 32 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • A designated switch is selected. This is the switch closest to the root switch through which packets will be forwarded to the root. • A port for each switch is selected. This is the port providing the best path from the switch to the root switch.
  • Seite 33 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • From forwarding to disabled • From disabled to blocking Figure 5-3. STP Port State Transitions When STP is enabled, every port on every switch in the network goes through the blocking state and then transitions through the states of listening and learning at power up.
  • Seite 34 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide User-Changeable STA Parameters The factory default setting should cover the majority of installations. However, it is advisable to keep the default settings as set at the factory; unless, it is absolutely necessary. The user changeable parameters in the Switch are as follows: •...

  • Seite 35: Link Aggregation

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5-4. Before Applying the STA Rules In this example, only the default STP values are used. Figure 5-6. After Applying the STA Rules The switch with the lowest Bridge ID (switch C) was elected the root bridge, and the ports were selected to give a high port cost between switches B and C.
  • Seite 36 The DES-3326 supports link aggregation groups, which may include from 2 to 8 switch ports each, except for a Gigabit link aggregation group which consists of the 2 (optional) Gigabit Ethernet ports of the front panel.

  • Seite 37: Vlans

    IEEE 802.1Q (tagged) VLANs are implemented on the DES-3326 Layer 3 switch. 802.1Q VLANs require tagging, which enables the VLANs to span an entire network (assuming all switches on the network are IEEE 802.1Q-compliant).
  • Seite 38 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • Egress rules – determines if the packet must be sent tagged or untagged. Figure 5-8. IEEE 802.1Q Packet Forwarding 802.1Q VLAN Tags The figure below shows the 802.1Q VLAN tag. There are four additional octets inserted after the source MAC address.
  • Seite 39 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The EtherType and VLAN ID are inserted after the MAC source address, but before the original EtherType/Length or Logical Link Control. Because the packet is now a bit longer than it was originally, the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) must be recalculated.
  • Seite 40 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide not? If the transmitting port is connected to a tag-unaware device, the packet should be untagged. If the transmitting port is connected to a tag-aware device, the packet should be tagged. Tagging and Untagging Every port on an 802.1Q compliant switch can be configured as tagging or untagging.

  • Seite 41: Ip Addresses

    These VLANs are based on layer 3 information, but this does not constitute a ‘routing’ function. The DES-3326 allows an IP subnet to be configured for each 802.1Q VLAN that exists on the switch. Even though a switch inspects a packet’s IP address to determine VLAN membership, no route calculation is performed, the RIP protocol is not employed, and packets traversing the switch are bridged using the Spanning Tree algorithm.
  • Seite 42 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide address easier to read. A computer sees an IP address not as four decimal numbers, but as a long string of binary digits (32 binary digits or 32 bits, IP addresses are 32-bit addresses).
  • Seite 43 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Class D addresses are reserved for multicasting. Class E Addresses are reserved for future use. They are not used for node addresses. The part of the IP address that belongs to the network is the part that is ‘hidden’ by the ‘1’s in the subnet mask.
  • Seite 44 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide This example uses an 11-bit subnet mask. (There are 3 additional bits added to the default Class A subnet mask). So the number of subnets is: – 2 = 8 – 2 = 6 Subnets of all “0”s and all “1”s are not allowed, so 2 subnets are subtracted from the total.
  • Seite 45 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide # of Subnet Mask CIDR # of # of Total Bits Notation Subnets Hosts Hosts 255.255.192 16382 32764 255.255.224.0 8190 49140 255.255.240.0 4094 57316 255.255.248.0 2046 61380 255.255.252.0 1022 63364 255.255.254.0 64260 255.255.255.0...

  • Seite 46: Internet Protocols

    These VLANs are based on layer 3 information, but this does not constitute a ‘routing’ function. The DES-3326 allows an IP subnet to be configured for each 802.1Q VLAN that exists on the switch. Even though a switch inspects a packet’s IP address to determine VLAN membership, no route calculation is performed, the RIP protocol is not employed, and packets traversing the switch are bridged using the Spanning Tree algorithm.
  • Seite 47 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Protocol Layering The Internet Protocol (IP) divides the tasks necessary to route and forward packets across networks by using a layered approach. Each layer has clearly defined tasks, protocol, and interfaces for communicating with adjacent layers, but the exact way these tasks are accomplished is left to individual software designers.
  • Seite 48 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5-12. The Protocol Stack Between two protocol stacks, members of the same layer are known as peers and communicate by well- known (open and published) protocols. Within a protocol stack, adjacent layers communicate by an internal interface.
  • Seite 49 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Layer 3 Commonly referred to as the routing layer, this layer provides logical partitioning of networks (subnetting), scalability, security, and Quality of Service (QoS). The backbone of the Internet is built using Layer 3 functions. IP is the premier Layer 3 protocol.

  • Seite 50: Packet Headers

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Because these functions are required by a large number of applications, they are grouped into a single protocol, rather than being the part of the specifications for just sending e-mail. TCP is then a library of routines that application software can use when reliable network communications are required.
  • Seite 51 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5-13. TCP Packet Header When packets have been successfully received, TCP sends an acknowledgement. This is simply a packet that has the acknowledgement number field filled in. An acknowledgement number of 1000 indicates that all of the data up to octet 1000 has been received.
  • Seite 52 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5-14. IP Packet Header The flags and fragment offset are used to keep track of packets that must be divided among several smaller packets to cross networks for which they are too large.
  • Seite 53 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide When a packet is received, the headers are removed. The Ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC) removes the Ethernet header and checks the checksum. It then looks at the type code. If the type code is for IP, the packet is given to IP.

  • Seite 54: The Domain Name System

    The Domain Name System (DNS) is used to map names to IP addresses throughout the Internet and has been adapted for use within intranets. For two DNS servers to communicate across different subnets, the DNS Relay of the DES-3326 must be used. The DNS servers are identified by IP addresses.

  • Seite 55: Dhcp Servers

    IP address. For two DHCP servers to communicate across different subnets, the BOOTP/DHCP Relay of the DES-3326 must be used. The DHCP servers are identified by IP addresses. IP Routing IP handles the task of determining how packets will get from their source to their destination. This...
  • Seite 56 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide For IP to work, the local system must be attached to a network. It is safe to assume that any system on this network can send packets to any other system, but when packets must cross other networks to reach a destination on a remote network, these packets must be handled by gateways (also called routers).

  • Seite 57: Arp

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) determines the MAC address and IP address correspondence for a network device. A local computer will maintain an ARP cache that is a table of MAC addresses and the corresponding IP addresses.
  • Seite 58 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 224.0.0.2 All Routers on this subnet 224.0.0.3 Unassigned 224.0.0.4 DVMRP Routers 224.0.0.5 OSPF IGP Routers 224.0.0.6 OSPF IGP Designated Routers 224.0.0.7 ST Routers 224.0.0.8 ST Hosts 224.0.0.9 All RIP2 Routers 224.0.0.10 All IGRP Routers 224.0.0.11...
  • Seite 59 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide IGMP Versions 1 and 2 Users that want to receive multicast packets need to be able to join and leave multicast groups. This is accomplished using IGMP. Figure 5-18. IGMP Message Format...
  • Seite 60 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The transition states a host will go through to join or leave a multicast group are shown in the diagram below. Figure 5-19. IGMP State Transitions Multicast Routing Algorithms An algorithm is not a program. An algorithm is a statement of how a problem can be solved. A program is written to implement an algorithm.
  • Seite 61 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide packet on all links except the one on which it was received. This guarantees that all routers in the network will receive a copy of the packet. The only information the router needs to store is whether a link is a part of the spanning tree (leads to a router) or not.

  • Seite 62: Multicast Routing Protocols

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Multicast Routing Protocols This section contains an overview of two multicast routing protocols – Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP), and Protocol Independent Multicast-Dense Mode (PIM-DM). The most commonly used routing protocol (not a multicast routing protocol), the Routing Information Protocol, is discussed in a later section.
  • Seite 63 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Every 30 seconds, a router running RIP broadcasts a routing update containing a set of pairs of network addresses and a distance (represented by the number of hops or routers between the advertising router and the remote network).
  • Seite 64 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5-20. RIP v.1 Message Format...
  • Seite 65 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The COMMAND field specifies an operation according the following table: Command Meaning Request for partial or full routing information Response containing network-distance pairs from sender’s routing table Turn on trace mode (obsolete) Turn off trace mode (obsolete) Reserved for Sun Microsystem’s internal use...
  • Seite 66 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5-21. RIP Message Format RIP version 2 also adds a 16-bit route tag that is retained and sent with router updates. It can be used to identify the origin of the route.
  • Seite 67 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Link-State Algorithm An OSPF router uses a link-state algorithm to build a shortest path tree to all destinations known to the router. The following is a simplified description of the algorithm’s steps: 1.
  • Seite 68 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Router A 128.213.0.0 Router B 192.128.11.0 Router C Router D 222.211.10.0 Figure 5-22. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree Router A 128.213.0.0 Router B Router C 192.213.11.0 Router D 222.211.10.0 Figure 5-23. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree The diagram above shows the network from the viewpoint of Router A.
  • Seite 69 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Router A 128.213.0.0 Router B Router C 192.213.11.0 222.211.10.0 Figure 5-24. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree - Completed Note that this shortest path tree is only from the viewpoint of Router A. The cost of the link from Router B to Router A, for instance is not important to constructing Router A’s shortest path tree, but is very...
  • Seite 70 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • Summary Link-State Updates – issued by Border Routers and describe links to networks outside the area but within the Autonomous System (AS). • Network Link-State Updates – issued by multi-access areas that have more than one attached router.

  • Seite 71: Virtual Links

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The backbone is at the center of all other areas − all areas of the network have a physical (or virtual) connection to the backbone through a router. OSPF allows routing information to be distributed by forwarding it into area 0, from which the information can be forwarded to all other areas (and all other routers) on the network.
  • Seite 72 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • Stub Area Flag − any two routers also have to have the same stub area flag in their Hello packets in order to become neighbors. Adjacencies Adjacent routers go beyond the simple Hello exchange and participate in the link-state database exchange process.
  • Seite 73 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Adjacencies on Point-to-Point Interfaces OSPF Routers that are linked using point-to-point interfaces (such as serial links) will always form adjacencies. The concepts of DR and BDR are unnecessary. OSPF Packet Formats All OSPF packet types begin with a standard 24-byte header and there are five packet types. The header is described first, and each packet type is described in a subsequent section.
  • Seite 74 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Field Description Version No. The OSPF version number Type The OSPF packet type. The OSPF packet types are as follows: Type Description Hello Database Description Link-State Request Link-State Update Link-State Acknowledgment Packet Length The length of the packet in bytes.
  • Seite 75 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The format of the Hello packet is shown below: Hello Packet Version No. Packet Length Router ID Area ID Checksum Authentication Type Authentication Authentication Network Mask Hello Interval Options Router Priority Router Dead Interval...
  • Seite 76 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Table 5-14. Hello Packet The Database Description Packet Database Description packets are OSPF packet type 2. These packets are exchanged when an adjacency is being initialized. They describe the contents of the topological database. Multiple packets may be used to describe the database.
  • Seite 77 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Link-State Request Packet Link-State Request packets are OSPF packet type 3. After exchanging Database Description packets with a neighboring router, a router may find that parts of its topological database are out of date. The Link-State Request packet is used to request the pieces of the neighbor’s database that are more up to...
  • Seite 78 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Link-State Update Packet Packet Length Version No. Router ID Area ID Checksum Authentication Type Authentication Authentication Number of Advertisements Link-State Advertisements ... Figure 5-30. Link-State Update Packet The body of the Link-State Update packet consists of a list of link-state advertisements. Each advertisement begins with a common 20-byte header, the link-state advertisement header.
  • Seite 79 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Each acknowledged link-state advertisement is described by its link-state advertisement header. It contains all the information required to uniquely identify both the advertisement and the advertisement’s current instance. Link-State Advertisement Formats There are five distinct types of link-state advertisements. Each link-state advertisement begins with a standard 20-byte link-state advertisement header.
  • Seite 80 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Field Description Link State Age The time is seconds since the link state advertisement was originated. Options The optional capabilities supported by the described portion of the routing domain. Link State Type The type of the link state advertisement.
  • Seite 81 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Routers Links Advertisements Link-State Age Options Link-State Type Link-State ID Advertising Router Link-State Sequence Number Link-State Checksum Length Reserved Reserved Number of Links Link ID Link Data Type No. Of TOS TOS 0 Metric...
  • Seite 82 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide network’s IP address mask. For other link types the Link Data specifies the router’s associated IP interface address. Field Description Type A quick classification of the router link. One of the following:...
  • Seite 83 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Field Description IP Type of Service that this metric refers to. Metric cost using this outbound router link, traffic of the specified TOS. Table 5-19. Routers Links Advertisement − Continued Network Links Advertisements Network links advertisements are Type 2 link state advertisements.
  • Seite 84 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Summary Link Advertisements Summary link advertisements are Type 3 and 4 link state advertisements. These advertisements are originated by Area Border routers. A separate summary link advertisement is made for each destination known to the router, that belongs to the Autonomous System (AS), yet is outside the area.
  • Seite 85 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Table 5-21. Summary Link Advertisement Autonomous Systems External Link Advertisements Autonomous Systems (AS) link advertisements are Type 5 link state advertisements. These advertisements are originated by AS boundary routers. A separate advertisement is made for each destination known to the router that is external to the AS.
  • Seite 86 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide External Route Tag A 32-bit field attached to each external route. This is not used by the OSPF protocol itself. Table 5-21. AS External System Advertisement...

  • Seite 87: Configuring The Switch Using The Console Interface

    ONSOLE NTERFACE The DES-3326 supports a console management interface that allows the user to connect to the switch’s management agent via a serial port and a terminal or a computer running a terminal emulation program. The console can also be used over the network using the TCP/IP Telnet protocol. The console program can be used to configure the switch to use an SNMP-based network management software over the network.
  • Seite 88 Further, the static VLAN configuration is specified on a per port basis. On the DES-3326, a VLAN can consist of end-nodes – just like a traditional layer 2 switch, but a VLAN can also consist of a subnetwork defined by an IP interface address and a subnet mask.
  • Seite 89 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Connecting to the Switch The console interface is used by connecting the Switch to a VT100-compatible terminal or a computer running an ordinary terminal emulator program (e.g., the HyperTerminal program included with the Windows operating system) using an RS-232C serial cable.
  • Seite 90 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-1. Initial Console screen The factory default Username is “admin”, there is no factory default password. Enter “admin” for the Username and leave the Password field blank to access the console initially Enter the factory default username (“admin”) and leave the Password field blank.
  • Seite 91 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-3. Main Menu Figure 6-4. Setup User Accounts Menu User Accounts Management From the Main Menu, highlight Setup User Accounts and press Enter, then the Setup User Accounts menu appears. 1. Toggle the Action field to Add using the space bar. This will allow the addition of a new user.
  • Seite 92 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Root, User+ and Normal User Privileges There are three levels of user privileges: Root and User+, and User. Switch Privilege Configuration Management Root User+ User Configuration Read Only Read Only Network Read Only...

  • Seite 93: Saving Changes

    To make the configuration effective after a switch restart, select Save Changes to enter the configuration into non-volatile (NV-RAM). The DES-3326 has two levels of memory: normal RAM and non-volatile or NV-RAM. Configuration changes are made effective by highlighting APPLY and pressing Enter. When this is done, the settings will be immediately applied to the switching software in RAM, and will immediately take effect.
  • Seite 94 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Loading Factory Defaults Loading the factory defaults returns the switch’s configuration to the factory default values. This will clear all settings and restore them to their initial values listed in the appendix.
  • Seite 95 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 3. The Main Menu screen will be displayed based on your access level or privilege. Updating or Deleting User Accounts To update or delete a user password: Choose Setup User Accounts from the Main Menu. The following Setup User Accounts menu appears: Figure 6-9.
  • Seite 96 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Highlight Setup User Accounts from the Main Menu. The current user accounts can be read from following screen: Figure 6-10. Setup User Accounts screen Deleting a User Account To delete a user account: Figure 6-11.
  • Seite 97 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Setting Up The Switch Basic Setup This section will help prepare the Switch user by describing the Switch Information, IP Setup, Remote Management Setup, Configure Ports, Serial Port Settings and Switch Settings menus.
  • Seite 98 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Remote Management Setup Configuring the Switch’s IP Address The BOOTP and DHCP Server options for assigning the switch an IP address and subnet mask are only available when the switch is in Layer 2 Only mode. The IP Routing mode requires a manual entry of the IP address and subnet mask.
  • Seite 99 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Get IP From options are: • BOOTP – The switch will send out a BOOTP broadcast request when it is powered up. The BOOTP protocol allows IP addresses, network masks, and default gateways to be assigned by a central BOOTP server.
  • Seite 100 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-15. Remote Management Setup menu Management stations are computers on the network that will be used to manage the switch. You can limit the number of possible management stations by entering up to three IP addresses in the Management Station IP Settings field.
  • Seite 101 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Configure Ports Highlight Configure Ports from the Main Menu and press Enter: Figure 6-17. Configure Ports Screen Toggle the View Ports field, using the space bar, to view the configuration of either ports 1 through 12 or ports 13 through 24.
  • Seite 102 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Parameter Description View Ports: Toggle the View Ports field, using the space bar, to view the configuration of either ports 1 through 12 <1 to 12 > or ports 13 through 24.
  • Seite 103 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-18. Serial Port Settings screen Toggle the Serial port setting field to select either the Console or SLIP protocol. The following fields can then be set: Console Settings Parameter Description Baud Rate...
  • Seite 104 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide apply when the port is used for the console port. Available speeds are 2400, 9600, 19200 and 38400 bits per second. The default setting is 9600. Interface Name This allows for the naming of the SLIP interface for easy reference.
  • Seite 105 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-19. Switch Settings menu Highlight Switch Operation Mode on the Switch Settings menu and press Enter. Figure 6-20. Switch Operation Mode screen The field Select switch operation mode can be toggled using the space bar to one of the two switch operation modes: Layer 2 Only, Support IEEE 802.1Q VLANs and IP Routing, Support IEEE 802.1Q...
  • Seite 106 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-21. Change Mode Confirmation screen Type y and press Enter. The switch will then save the changes made during the current session and reboot. The switch must be rebooted to change the operation mode.

  • Seite 107: Switch Settings

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-23. Main Menu – Layer 3 IP Routing Mode This is the Main Menu when the switch is in Layer 3 mode. Note that the configuration functions necessary for Layer 3 operation have been added to the same Main Menu entries used for Layer 2 mode.
  • Seite 108 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Select switch operation mode field can be toggled between Layer 2 Only, Support IEEE802.1Q VLANs (Layer 2 mode) and IP Routing, Support IEEE 802.1Q VLANs (Layer 3 mode). Highlight APPLY and press Enter. The switch will then reboot. When the switch finishes rebooting, it will be in the new operating mode.
  • Seite 109 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide between 10 and 1,000,000 seconds. IGMP Snooping: Allows you to set IGMP snooping globally on the switch by selecting Enabled or Disabled. <Disabled> Switch GVRP Allows the Group VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) to be globally Enabled or Disabled on the switch.
  • Seite 110 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-27. Layer 3 IP Routing Protocol Settings screen The following fields can then be set: Parameter Description DVMRP state Allows the Distance-Vector Multicast :<Disabled> Routing Protocol (DVMRP) Enabled or Disabled globally on the switch.
  • Seite 111 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Serial Port Settings Serial Port Settings Utilities Utilities Upgrade Firmware from TFTP Server Use Configuration File on TFTP Server Save Settings to TFTP Server Save History Log to TFTP Server Ping Test...

  • Seite 112: Advanced Setup

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Setup IEEE 802.1Q Multicasting Forwarding Setup IP Multicasting Multicast Interface Configuration IGMP Interface Configuration IGMP Static Member Configuration DVMRP Interface Configuration PIM-DM Interface Configuration Setup Static Router Port VLANs VLAN Menu Edit 802.1Q VLANs Configure 802.1Q Port Settings...
  • Seite 113 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The VLAN menu adds an entry to edit the VLAN definitions and to configure the port settings for IEEE 802.1Q VLAN support. Highlight VLANs from the Main Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-28. VLAN Menu To create an 802.1Q VLAN, highlight Edit 802.1Q VLANs and press Enter:...
  • Seite 114 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide of the VLAN. Egress Member Ports are ports that will be transmitting traffic for the VLAN. These ports can be either tagged or untagged. Forbidden Non-Member - specifies the port as not being a member of the VLAN and that the port is forbidden from becoming a member of the VLAN dynamically.
  • Seite 115 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In the following example screen, the VLAN “evilJulius” - VID# 2 – has been added. Ports 1, 2, 12, 14, 17, 25, and 26 are Egress ports (static members of “evilJulius”. Ports 5, 6, and 7 are Forbidden ports (non-members and are not allowed to join the VLAN “evilJulius”...
  • Seite 116 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-32. Configure 802.1Q Port Settings screen The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Module: This allows you to toggle between the Base Unit and Slot-1. Configure Port This allows the entry of a contiguous range of port from [ ] to [ ] numbers to be configured.
  • Seite 117 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To configure a port’s 802.1Q VLAN settings: Highlight the Configure Port from [ ] to [ ] field and enter the range of port numbers you want to configure. As an alternative you can use the arrow keys to highlight the PVID# field and enter the PVID for the VLAN’s member ports you want to configure.
  • Seite 118 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To delete an entire VLAN, toggle the Action field to Delete, enter either the VID or the VLAN Name in the appropriate field and press Enter. Highlight Apply and press Enter. The selected VLAN will be deleted.
  • Seite 119 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Table 6-3. VLAN Example – Assigned Ports In this case, 6 IP interfaces are required, so a CIDR notation of 10.32.0.0/11 (or a 11-bit) addressing scheme will work. This addressing scheme will...
  • Seite 120 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-36. Setup Layer 3 – IP Networking menu Highlight Setup IP Interface and press Enter. Figure 6-37. Layer 3 – IP Networking Menu Toggle the Action field to Add/Modify. Choose a name for the interface to be added and enter it in the Interface Name field.

  • Seite 121: Layer 3 Ip Networking

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Action:<Add/Modify This field can be toggled using the space bar > between Add/Modify and Delete. Add/Modify allows for the creation of a new IP interface or changes to an existing IP interface.
  • Seite 122 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Setup Routing Information Protocol (RIP) If an IP Interface is created while RIP is enabled, the TX Mode default will be V2 Only and the RX Mode default will be V1 and V2.
  • Seite 123 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Interface name: The name of the IP interface on which RIP is to be setup. This interface must be previously configured on the switch.
  • Seite 124 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide This screen allows the entry of a 16-character Message Digest (version 5 − MD5) key that can be used to authenticate every packet exchanged between OSPF routers. It is used as a security mechanism to limit the exchange of network topology information to the OSPF routing domain.
  • Seite 125 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-43. Setup RIP screen The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Interface The name of the IP interface on name:[System which RIP is to be setup. This interface must previously configured on the switch.
  • Seite 126 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Setup OSPF Highlight Setup OSPF from the Setup Layer 3 - IP Networking menu and press Enter to access the Setup OSPF menu. Figure 6-44. Setup OSPF menu Each menu item is explained as follows: •...
  • Seite 127 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description OSPF Router A 32-bit number (in the form of an IP address − xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) that uniquely identifies the switch in the ID:[ OSPF domain. It is common to assign the highest IP address assigned to the switch (router).
  • Seite 128 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Action:<Add/Modify This field can be toggled using the space bar between > Add/Modify and Delete. Add/Modify allows for the creation of a new OSPF Area or changes to an existing OSPF Area.
  • Seite 129 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Interface Allows the entry of the name of an IP interface previously Name:[System ] configured on the switch. Allows the entry of an OSPF Area ID configured above.
  • Seite 130 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Virtual Interface Configuration Virtual Interfaces are used by OSPF to link areas that do not have a physical connection to the backbone (also called Area 0) or to link areas of the backbone itself that are discontinuous. This allows routing information to flow from an area that is physically disconnected from area 0 into area 0 by configuring an interface across one of the areas previously defined above.
  • Seite 131 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Status Displays the current status (UP or DOWN) of the corresponding OSPF Virtual Interface. Area Aggregation Configuration Area Aggregation allows all of the routing information that may be contained within an area to be aggregated into a summary LSDB advertisement of just the network address and subnet mask.
  • Seite 132 This information is then exchanged among the various routers according to the individual routers current routing protocol. The DES-3326 can redistribute routing information between the OSPF and RIP routing protocols to all routers on the network that are running OSPF or RIP.

  • Seite 133: Multicasting

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide applies only when the destination field is OSPF. Metric:[ Allows the entry of an OSPF interface cost. This is analogous to a Hop Count in the RIP routing protocol. Multicasting Layer 2 Multicast Setup To setup Multicasting on the switch, when the switch is in Layer 2 operating mode, highlight Multicasting from the Main Menu and press Enter.
  • Seite 134 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To configure IGMP Snooping: Toggle the Switch IGMP Snooping field to Enabled. Toggle the Querier State field to the appropriate choice between Non-Querier, V1-Querier, and V2-Querier to determine the version of IGMP that is used in your network.
  • Seite 135 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-52. Setup IEEE 802.1Q Multicast Forwarding screen When the switch is in Layer 2 operating mode, IEEE 802.1Q multicast forwarding allows the static entry of multicast MAC addresses, which will be sources of multicast packets, and switch port numbers, to which these multicast packets will be forwarded.
  • Seite 136 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Static Router Port Settings A static router port is a port that has a multicast router attached to it. Generally, this router would have a connection to a WAN or to the Internet. Establishing a router port will allow multicast packets coming from the router to be propagated through the network, as well as allowing multicast messages (IGMP) coming from the network to be propagated to the router.
  • Seite 137 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Layer 3 Multicasting When the switch is in IP Routing mode, several functions supporting IP multicasting are added to the Multicasting menu. These additional functions can be configured under the IP Multicasting Settings menu.
  • Seite 138 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-56. Multicast Interface Configuration screen This menu allows the assignment of a multicast routing protocol to an IP interface. The IP interface must have been previously configured on the switch. In addition, IGMP may be enabled or disabled for the selected IP interface.
  • Seite 139 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide IGMP Interface Configuration Figure 6-57. IGMP Interface Configuration screen This menu allows the configuration of IGMP for each IP interface configured on the switch. IGMP can be configured as Version 1 or 2 by toggling the Ver field. The length of time between queries can be varied by entering a value between 1 and 65,535 seconds in the Query field.
  • Seite 140 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide name entered above. DVMRP To configure DVMRP for an IP interface, highlight DVMRP Interface Configuration from the Setup IP Multicast menu and press Enter. Figure 6-58. DVMRP Interface Configuration screen This menu allows the Distance-Vector Multicast Routing Protocol to be configured for each IP interface defined on the switch.
  • Seite 141 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Interface Name: Allows the entry of the name of the IP interface for which DVMRP is to be configured. This must be a previously defined IP interface.

  • Seite 142: Port Mirroring

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Protocol Independent Multicast – Dense Mode (PIM-DM) protocol should be used in networks with a low delay (low latency) and high bandwidth as PIM-DM is optimized to guarantee delivery of multicast packets, not to reduce overhead.
  • Seite 143 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-60. Mirroring Menu To select the target port, highlight Target Port Selection and press Enter. Figure 6-61. Target Port Selection screen The target port is the port where information will be duplicated and sent for capture and network analysis.

  • Seite 144: Priority

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-62. Setup Port Mirroring screen Up to 25 entries can be made to the port mirroring table, but it should be noted that a faster port (a 1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet port, for example) should not be mirrored to a slower port (one of the 24 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet port), because many packets will be dropped.
  • Seite 145 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-63. Setup MAC Address Priority screen The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Action:<Add/Modify> This field can be toggled between Add/Modify and Delete using the space bar. VID:[1 ] Allows the entry of the VLAN ID (VID) of the VLAN to which the MAC address below is a member of.

  • Seite 146: Filtering

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Filtering Layer 2 Filtering To enter a MAC address into the filtering table, highlight Filtering from the Main Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-64. Filtering Menu Highlight MAC Address Filter and press Enter.
  • Seite 147 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description This field can be toggled between Action:<Add/Modify > Add/Modify and Delete using the space bar. VID: [ ] Allows the entry of the VLAN ID (VID) of the VLAN to which the MAC address below is a member of.

  • Seite 148: Forwarding

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-67. Setup IP Address Filtering screen The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Action:<Add/Modify This field can be toggled between > Add/Modify and Delete using the space bar. IP Address:[ Allows the entry of an IP address to be filtered from the switch.
  • Seite 149 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-68. Forwarding Menu – Layer 2 Highlight MAC Address Forwarding from the Forwarding Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-69. Setup Static Unicast MAC Forwarding screen The following fields can be set:...
  • Seite 150 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide above resides. IP Forwarding Static/Default Routes With the switch in Layer 3 Operation mode, entries into the switch’s forwarding table can be made using both MAC addresses and IP addresses. Static IP forwarding is accomplished by the entry of an IP address into the Static IP Routing table.

  • Seite 151: Spanning Tree

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Static ARP To make a static ARP entry, highlight Static ARP from the Forwarding Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-71. Setup Static ARP Entries screen The following fields can be set: Parameter...
  • Seite 152 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-72. Configure Spanning Tree - Global The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) operates on two levels: on the switch level, the settings are globally implemented. On the port level, the settings are implemented on a per user-defined Group basis.
  • Seite 153 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Hello Time cannot be longer than the Max. Age. Otherwise, a configuration error will occur. Observe the following formulas when setting the above parameters: Max. Age ≤ 2 x (Forward Delay - 1 second) Max.

  • Seite 154: Link Aggregation

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In addition to setting Spanning Tree parameters for use on the switch level, the DES-3326 allows for the configuration of groups of ports, each port-group of which will have its own spanning tree, and will require some of its own configuration settings.
  • Seite 155 – to the backbone of a network. The DES-3326 allows the creation of up to 6 link aggregation groups, each group consisting of up of up to 8 links (ports). The aggregated links must be contiguous (they must have sequential port numbers) except the two (optional) Gigabit ports –...

  • Seite 156: Spanning Tree

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Group ID:[1] This field can be toggled between any one of the six possible link aggregation groups configurable on the switch. The Master port of link aggregation group.
  • Seite 157 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Default Description Status:<Enabled> Enabled Allows the STP to be globally Enabled or Disabled on the switch. The maximum time (in seconds) a device can wait without...
  • Seite 158 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Create Spanning Tree Groups The DES-3326 switch allows you to configure Spanning Tree Groups that consist of a group of ports that will be handled as though they were a single spanning tree device. The following figures and tables describe how to configure a spanning tree group.

  • Seite 159: Utilities

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-78. Port Spanning Tree Settings screen The following fields can be set: Parameter Description View Ports: Allows the selection of groups of ports to view. Can be toggled between 1 to 12, <1 to 12>...
  • Seite 160 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-79. Switch Utilities menu Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) services allow the switch firmware to be upgraded by transferring a new firmware file from a TFTP server to the switch. A configuration file can also be loaded into the switch from a TFTP server, switch settings can be saved to the TFTP server, and a history log can be uploaded from the switch to the TFTP server.
  • Seite 161 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Highlight START and press Enter to initiate the file transfer. Use Configuration File on TFTP Server To download a switch configuration file from a TFTP server, select Use Configuration File on TFTP Server and press Enter.
  • Seite 162 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Save History Log to TFTP Server To save a History Log on a TFTP server, highlight Save History Log to TFTP Server and press Enter. Figure 6-83. Save Log to TFTP Server screen Enter the IP address of the TFTP server and the path and filename for the history log on the TFTP server.
  • Seite 163 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide BOOTP/DHCP Relay To enter the IP addresses of BOOTP or DHCP servers (for the BOOTP/DHCP Relay service): Highlight Utilities on the Main Menu and press Enter. Next, highlight BOOTP/DHCP Relay on the Switch Utilities menu and press Enter.
  • Seite 164 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide configure BOOTP/DHCP Relay interface, highlight BOOTP/DHCP Relay Interface Configuration from the BOOTP/DHCP Relay menu and press Enter. Figure 6-86. BOOTP/DHCP Relay Interface Configuration screen The following fields can be set: Parameter Description This field can be toggled between Action:<Add>...
  • Seite 165 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-87. DNS Relay screen The following fields can be set: Parameter Description DNSR Status This field can be toggled between <Disabled> Disabled and Enabled using the space bar, and is used to enable or disable the DNS Relay service on the switch.
  • Seite 166 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-88. DNS Relay – Static table configuration screen The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Action:<Add/Edit> The Action field can be toggled between Add/Edit and Delete. Enter Domain name corresponding IP address.

  • Seite 167: Network Monitoring

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Network Monitoring The DES-3326 provides extensive network monitoring capabilities that can be viewed under Network Monitoring Menu from the Main Menu. Network monitoring on the switch is divided into Layer 2 and Layer 3 functions, depending upon which operating mode the switch is in.
  • Seite 168 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Port Utilization The Port Utilization screen shows the number of packets transmitted and received per second and calculates the percentage of the total available bandwidth being used on the port (displayed under %Util.).
  • Seite 169 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Port Error Packets The Packet Error Statistic screen displays the packet errors that the switch can detect and displays the results on a per port basis. To view the error statistics for a port: Highlight Port Error Packets on the Network Monitoring Menu and press Enter.
  • Seite 170 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Parameter Description Interval:<2 sec> The interval (in seconds) that the table is updated. The default is 2 seconds. RX Frames Received packets. CRC Error For 10 Mbps ports, the counter records CRC errors (FCS or alignment errors).
  • Seite 171 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To view an analysis of packets received or transmitted by a port: Highlight Port Packet Analysis on the Network Monitoring Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-92. Packet Analysis screen Parameter Description Interval:<2 sec>...
  • Seite 172 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Browse MAC Address This allows the switch’s dynamic MAC address forwarding table to be viewed. When the switch learns an association between a MAC address and a port number, it makes an entry into its forwarding table.
  • Seite 173 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-94. GVRP Status screen GMRP The Group Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP) Status screen displays the status of ports that have GMRP enabled on the switch. To view the GMRP Status table: Highlight GMRP from the Network Monitoring Menu and press Enter.

  • Seite 174: Igmp Snooping

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-96. Browse Router Port screen The Jump to VID field allows the entry of any VLAN ID (VID) of any VLAN defined on the switch. Enter the VID, highlight GO and press Enter. The table will then jump to the VID entered.
  • Seite 175 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch History This allows the Switch History Log to be viewed. The switch records all traps, in sequence, that identify events on the switch. The time since the last cold start of the switch is also recorded.

  • Seite 176: Routing Table

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-99. Network Monitoring Menu – Layer 3 Browse IP Address To view the IP address forwarding table: Highlight Browse IP Address from the Network Monitoring Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-100. Browse IP Address Table – Layer 3 To display a particular IP address, enter the IP address in the Jump to IP Address field, highlight GO, and press Enter.
  • Seite 177 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-101. Browse Routing Table screen To display a particular Destination IP address, enter either the IP address in the Jump to Destination Address field, the gateway address in the Gateway field and the subnet mask in the Mask field, highlight GO, and press Enter.
  • Seite 178 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-102. Browse ARP Table screen To display a particular IP interface or an IP address, enter either the IP interface name in the Jump to Interface Name field or enter the IP address in the IP Address field, highlight GO, and press Enter.
  • Seite 179 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-104. Monitor LSDB Table screen The following fields are displayed: Parameter Description Area ID Allows the entry of an OSPF Area ID. This Area ID will then be used to search the table, and display an entry − if there is one.
  • Seite 180 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide OSPF External LSDB Table The external OSPF Link State Database (LSDB) table can be viewed by highlighting OSPF External LSDB Table and pressing Enter. Figure 6-105. Monitor External LSDB Table screen The following fields are displayed:...
  • Seite 181 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide IP Multicast Forwarding Table To view the IP multicast forwarding table: Highlight IP Multicast Forwarding Table from the Network Monitoring Menu and press Enter. Figure 6-106. Browse IP Multicast Forwarding Table screen...

  • Seite 182: Load Factory Defaults

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To display a particular multicast group, enter either the IP address in the Jump to Interface Name field, enter the multicast group IP address in the Multicast Group field, highlight GO, and press Enter.
  • Seite 183 Highlight one of the two Load Factory Default Configuration entries and press Enter. A confirmation screen will appear. Press Y for Yes and press Enter. The factory defaults for the DES-3326 are listed in Appendix D of this manual. Reboot The DES-3326 has several reboot options.
  • Seite 184 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6-111. System Reboot Confirmation screen To reboot the switch, in the mode entered above, highlight Yes and press Enter.

  • Seite 185: Web-Based Network Management

    Layer 2 Only mode. Before You Start The DES-3326 Layer 3 Switch supports a wide array of functions and gives great flexibility and increased network performance by eliminating the routing bottleneck between the WAN or Internet and the Intranet. Its function in a network can be thought of as a new generation of router that performs routing functions in hardware, rather than software.

  • Seite 186: Vlan Layout

    Layer 3 VLANs must be configured on the switch before they can be assigned IP interfaces. Further, the static VLAN configuration is specified on a per port basis. On the DES-3326, a VLAN can consist of end-nodes – just like a traditional layer 2 switch, but a VLAN can also consist of one or more layer 2 switches –...

  • Seite 187: Defining Static Routes

    Defining Static Routes Routes between the IP interfaces and a default gateway or other router with a WAN connection should be determined beforehand and entered into the static/default routing table on the DES-3326. Getting Started The first step in getting started in using web-based management for your Switch is to secure a browser.
  • Seite 188 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Click New to add a user. Figure 7-3. User Accounts Control Table – Add window 1. Enter the new user name, assign an initial password, and then confirm the new password. Determine whether the new user should have Root, User+, or User privileges.

  • Seite 189: Saving Changes

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Saving Changes The DES-3326 has two levels of memory; normal RAM and non-volatile or NV-RAM. Configuration changes are made effective by clickng Apply. When this is done, the settings will be immediately applied to the switching software in RAM, and will immediately take effect.

  • Seite 190: Using Web-Based Management

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide USING WEB-BASED MANAGEMENT Setting Up Web Management Before running Web-based management, some basic configuration of the switch may need to be performed. The following at a minimum must be configured or known for the switch to be managed: •...
  • Seite 191 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Setting the Administrator Password Management access to the switch is restricted based on the administrator password. Administrators have read/write access for parameters governing the SNMP agent. You should therefore assign a password to the default administrator as soon as possible, and store it in a safe place.
  • Seite 192 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-7. Password dialog box 1. Use the User Name, and Password previously entered in the Setting Up Web Management section. This will allow read/write access to the switch. 2. The full application will now launch. A four-frame page will display with the product graphic located in the upper right hand frame.

  • Seite 193: Configuring And Monitoring

    Presents switch information based on your selection and the entry of configuration data. CONFIGURING AND MONITORING This section, arranged by topic, describes how to perform common monitoring and configuration tasks on a DES-3326 switch using the Web-based Manager, you can perform any of the tasks described in the following sections. Screen Hierarchy The contents of this chapter are arranged following the structure shown in the tables below.
  • Seite 194 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Link Menus Configuration IP Address Switch Information Configure Port Switch Settings Switch Operation Mode Layer 2 Switch Settings VLANs 802.1Q Static VLANs 802.1Q Port Settings Port VLAN ID (PVID) Port Ingress Filter...
  • Seite 195 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following table shows the relationship between the links and the configuration menus when the switch is in IP Routing (Layer 3) mode. Menus and screens added when the switch is in IP Routing mode are shown in italics.

  • Seite 196: Basic Setup

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Filtering MAC Filtering MAC Address Filtering IP Filtering IP Address Filtering BOOTP/DHCP BOOTP/DHCP Relay Relay Static Setup DNS Relay DNS Relay Static Setup Management Management Station IP Community Strings Trap Receivers User Accounts Management...
  • Seite 197 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Switch Information Click the Switch Information link in the Configuration menu. Figure 7-9. Switch Information – Basic Settings window The Switch Information window shows which (if any) external modules are installed, and the switch’s MAC Address (assigned by the factory and unchangeable).
  • Seite 198 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-10. IP Address window The switch’s factory default IP address is 10.90.90.90 with a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0 and a default gateway of 0.0.0.0. To manually assign the switch’s IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway address: Enter the appropriate IP address and subnet mask.
  • Seite 199 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Get IP From: <Manual> options are: Parameter Description BOOTP The switch will send out a BOOTP broadcast request when it is powered up. The BOOTP protocol allows IP addresses, network masks, and default gateways to be assigned by a central BOOTP server.
  • Seite 200 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide SNMP Settings Some settings must be entered to allow the switch to be managed from an SNMP-based Network Management System such as SNMP v1 or to be able to access the Switch using the Telnet protocol or the Web Manager.
  • Seite 201 Click the Configure Ports link on the Configuration menu: Figure 7-13. Configure Port window Click on the port you want to configure on the DES-3326 Switch front panel display at the top of the Web page. Use the State pull-down menu to either enable or disable a given port.
  • Seite 202 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Toggle the State field to either enable or disable a given State <Enabled> port. Speed/Duplex Toggle the Speed/Duplex field to either select the speed and <Auto>...
  • Seite 203 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-14. Serial Port Settings window Use the Select Protocol pull-down menu to select either the Console or the SLIP protocol. The following fields can then be set: Console Settings Parameter Description...
  • Seite 204 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide the Switch is restarted. Applies only when the serial port is being used for out-of-band (SLIP) management; it does not apply when the port is used for the console port. Available speeds are 2,400, 9600, 19,200 and 38,400 bits per second.
  • Seite 205 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-15. Switch Operation Mode window Use the Restart Mode pull-down menu to select one of the two switch operation modes: Layer 2, Support IEEE 802.1Q VLANs and IP Routing, Support IEEE 802.1Q VLANs.
  • Seite 206 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide dictate, globally, the switch’s reaction to Broadcast storms <Disabled> and/or Multicast storms, triggered at the threshold set below. Upper Threshold for This is the number of thousands Broadcast/Multicast Base ports <128> packets per second received by the switch – on one of the Master Ports –...
  • Seite 207 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide switch. PIM-DM state Allows the Protocol Independent <Disabled> Multicast − Dense Mode (PIM-DM) multicast routing protocol to be Enabled or Disabled globally on the switch.

  • Seite 208: Advanced Setup

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Advanced Setup Changing switch operation mode setting changes some of the menus and configuration options for the Advanced Setup of the switch. The configuration data for each mode is, however, saved when the switch’s operating mode is changed.
  • Seite 209 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-20. 802.1Q Static VLANs Entry Settings – Edit window The following fields can then be set: Parameter Description VLAN ID (VID) Allows the entry of the name of an existing VLAN. VLANs can be identified by either the VID or the VLAN name.
  • Seite 210 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide If the port is attached to a device that is not IEEE 802.1Q VLAN compliant (VLAN-tag unaware), then the port should be set to Untagged (no marker in the port’s Tag click-box).
  • Seite 211 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Go to the Configuration menu, select VLANs, choose 802.1Q Port Settings, and then click Port Ingress Filter: Figure 7-22. Port Ingress Filter window The following field can be set: Parameter Description Ingress...
  • Seite 212 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following field can be set: Parameter Description GVRP <Disabled> Group VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) enables the port to dynamically become a member of a VLAN. Each port can be configured to use the Group Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP).
  • Seite 213 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide An example is presented below: VLAN Name Switch Ports System (default) 5, 6, 7, 8, 21, 22, 23, 24 Engineer 9, 10, 11, 12 Marketing 13, 14, 15, 16 Finance 17, 18, 19, 20...
  • Seite 214 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-25. Setup IP Interface window To setup an new IP interface, click the New icon: Figure 7-26. Setup IP Interface – Add window To edit an existing IP interface, click on the Hand icon: Figure 7-27.

  • Seite 215: Layer 3 Ip Networking

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Subnet Name This field allows the entry of a name for the IP interface. The default IP interface is named “System”. IP Address This field allows the entry of an IP address to be assigned to this IP interface.
  • Seite 216 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-29. Setup RIP window To edit a RIP configuration, click the Hand icon. Figure 7-30. Setup RIP – Edit window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Subnet Name The name of the IP interface on which RIP is to be setup.
  • Seite 217 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide OSPF MD5 Key Table Configuration The MD5 Key Table Configuration menu allows the entry of a 16-character Message Digest − version 5 (MD5) key that can be used to authenticate every packet exchanged between OSPF routers. It is used as a security mechanism to limit the exchange of network topology information to the OSPF routing domain.
  • Seite 218 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following parameters can be set or are displayed: Parameter Description OSPF Route ID A 32-bit number (in the form of an IP − address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) that uniquely identifies the switch in the OSPF domain.
  • Seite 219 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set or are displayed: Parameter Description Area ID A 32-bit number in the form of an IP address (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) that uniquely identifies the OSPF area in the OSPF domain.
  • Seite 220 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Interface Name Allows the entry of the name of an IP interface previously configured on the switch. Area ID Allows the entry of an OSPF Area ID configured above.
  • Seite 221 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-35. Virtual Interface Configuration window The following fields can be set or are displayed: Parameter Description Transit Area ID Allows the entry of an OSPF Area ID − previously defined on the switch −...
  • Seite 222 This information is then exchanged among the various routers according to the individual routers current routing protocol. The DES-3326 can redistribute routing information between the OSPF and RIP routing protocols to all routers on the network that are running OSPF or RIP.

  • Seite 223: Multicasting

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-37. Route Redistribution Settings window The following fields can be set or are displayed: Parameter Description Source Protocol Allows the selection of the protocol of the source device. Available choices are RIP, OSPF, or Static.
  • Seite 224 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Open the Configuration menu, select Multicasting, and click IGMP Snooping Settings: Figure 7-38. IGMP Control Setup window To configure IGMP Snooping: The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Allows the entry of the VLAN ID (VID) for which IGMP Snooping is to be configured.
  • Seite 225 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Click the IEEE802.1Q Multicast Forwarding link on the Multicasting menu: Figure 7-39. Setup IEEE 802.1Q Multicast Forwarding window When the switch is in Layer 2 operating mode, IEEE 802.1Q multicast forwarding allows the static entry of multicast MAC addresses, which will be sources of multicast packets, and switch port numbers, to which these multicast packets will be forwarded.
  • Seite 226 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide coming from the router to be propagated through the network, as well as allowing multicast messages (IGMP) coming from the network to be propagated to the router. A router port has the following behavior: •...
  • Seite 227 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Layer 3 Multicasting When the switch is in IP Routing mode, several functions supporting IP multicasting are added to the Multicasting menu. Multicast Interface Configuration To setup IP multicasting on the switch:...
  • Seite 228 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide IGMP Settings Figure 7-43. IGMP Interface Setup window This menu allows the configuration of IGMP for each IP interface configured on the switch. IGMP can be configured as Version 1 or 2 by toggling the Version field using the pull-down menu. The length of time between queries can be varied by entering a value between 1 and 65,535 seconds in the Query field.
  • Seite 229 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide DVMRP Settings To configure DVMRP for an IP interface: Click the DVMRP Settings link on the IP Multicasting menu: Figure 7-44. DVMRP Interface Configuration window This menu allows the Distance-Vector Multicast Routing Protocol to be configured for each IP interface defined on the switch.
  • Seite 230 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Interface Allows the entry of the name of the IP interface for which Name<System> DVMRP is to be configured. This must be a previously defined IP interface.

  • Seite 231: Port Mirroring

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The Protocol Independent Multicast – Dense Mode (PIM-DM) protocol should be used in networks with a low delay (low latency) and high bandwidth as PIM-DM is optimized to guarantee delivery of multicast packets, not to reduce overhead.
  • Seite 232 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-46. Target Port Selection window The target port is the port where information will be duplicated and sent for capture and network analysis. This is the port where a network analyzer would be attached to capture packets duplicated from the source port.

  • Seite 233: Priority

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Priority To configure a forwarding priority for a given MAC address: Click the Priority link on the Configuration menu: Figure 7-48. Setup MAC Address Priority window The following fields can be set:...

  • Seite 234: Filtering

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Filtering Layer 2 Filtering To enter a MAC address into the filtering table: Select Filtering on the Configuration menu, choose MAC Filtering, and then click MAC Address Filtering: Figure 7-49. Setup MAC Address Filter window When the switch is in Layer 2 Only operating mode, MAC addresses can be entered into the static filtering table.
  • Seite 235 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-50. Filter Address Setup window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Address <0.0.0.0> Allows the entry of an IP address to be filtered from the switch. State <DstAddr> This field can be toggled between...
  • Seite 236 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-51. Setup Static Unicast MAC Forwarding window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description MAC Address Allows the entry of the MAC address of an end station that will be entered into the switch’s static forwarding...
  • Seite 237 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-53. Static/Default Routes – Add window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description IP Address Allows the entry of an IP address <0.0.0.0> that will be a static entry into the switch’s Routing Table.

  • Seite 238: Spanning Tree

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Interface Name The name of the IP interface the ARP entry resides on. IP Address The IP address of the ARP entry. MAC Address The MAC address of the ARP entry.
  • Seite 239 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Spanning Tree This field can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled Protocol <Enabled> using the pull-down menu. This will enable or disable the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), globally, for the switch.
  • Seite 240 Figure 7-60. STP Port Settings window In addition to setting Spanning Tree parameters for use on the switch level, the DES-3326 allows for the configuration of groups of ports, each port-group of which will have its own spanning tree, and will require some of its own configuration settings.

  • Seite 241: Link Aggregation

    – to the backbone of a network. The DES-3326 allows the creation of up to 6 link aggregation groups, each group consisting of up of up to 8 links (ports). The aggregated links must be contiguous (they must have sequential port numbers)

  • Seite 242: Utilities

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide aggregation group may not cross an 8-port boundary, starting with port 1 (a group may not contain ports 8 and 9, for example) and all of the ports in the group must be members of the same VLAN.
  • Seite 243 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Update Firmware from Server To update the switch’s firmware: Select Upgrade Firmware from Server on the Maintenance menu: Figure 7-62. Upgrade Firmware from Server window Enter the IP address of the TFTP server in the Server IP Address field.
  • Seite 244 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Save Settings To Server To upload a settings file to the TFTP server: Click the Save Settings To Server on the Maintenance menu: Figure 7-64. Save Settings To TFTP Server window Enter the IP address of the TFTP server and the path and filename of the settings file on the TFTP server and click Apply.
  • Seite 245 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-66. BOOTP/DHCP Relay window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description BOOTP/DHCP This field can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled Relay Status using the pull-down menu. It is used to enable or disable <Disabled>...
  • Seite 246 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide servers reside on. BOOTP/DHCP Allows the entry of IP addresses for Server <0.0.0.0> up to four BOOTP or DHCP servers. DNS Relay To enter the IP addresses of DNS servers (for the DNS Relay service): Select DNS Relay on the Configuration menu and then click DNS Relay: Figure 7-68.

  • Seite 247: Network Monitoring

    Enabled and Disabled. Network Monitoring The DES-3326 provides extensive network monitoring capabilities that can be viewed from the under Network Monitoring menu. Network monitoring on the switch is divided into Layer 2 and Layer 3 functions, depending upon which operating mode the switch is in.
  • Seite 248 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • Port Packet Analysis Address Table • Browse MAC Address Sequentially (view the MAC address forwarding table) Applications • GVRP (view the GVRP status table) • GMRP (view the GMRP status table) •...
  • Seite 249 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following field can be set: Parameter Description Update Interval The time between updates received from the <Suspend> switch, in seconds. Suspend stops the updates. The default is Suspend. Port Error Statistics The Port Error Packet Statistics window displays the packet errors that the switch can detect and displays the results on a per port basis.
  • Seite 250 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields from above are described in more detail: Parameter Description Update Interval The interval (in seconds) that the table is updated. The <Suspend> default is Suspend. RX Frames Received packets.
  • Seite 251 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide transmission failed due to excessive collisions. Single Coll. Single Collision Frames. The number of successfully transmitted frames for which transmission is inhibited by more than one collision. Coll. An estimate of the total number of collisions on this network segment.
  • Seite 252 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields from above are described in more detail: Parameter Description Update Interval The interval (in seconds) that the table is updated. The default <Suspend> is 2 seconds. Frames The number of packets (or frames) received or transmitted by the switch with the size, in octets, given by the column on the right.
  • Seite 253 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-73. Browse Address Table – sequential window GVRP This allows the GVRP status for each of the switch’s ports to be viewed by VLAN. The GVRP status screen displays the ports on the switch that are currently Egress or Untagged ports.
  • Seite 254 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-75. GMRP Status window Browse Router Port This displays which of the switch’s ports are currently configured as router ports. A router port configured by a user (using the console or Web-based management interfaces) is displayed as a static router port, designated by S.
  • Seite 255 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-77. IGMP Snooping Table window Switch History This allows the Switch History Log to be viewed. The switch records all traps, in sequence, that identify events on the switch. The time since the last cold start of the switch is also recorded.
  • Seite 256 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following items are added to the Network Monitoring menu when the switch is in Layer 3 (IP Routing) mode: Address Table • Browse IP Address Sequentially • Routing Table • ARP Table •...
  • Seite 257 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields are displayed: Parameter Description Destination IP address of a learned or statically entered destination. Address Mask Displays the subnet mask corresponding to the above destination IP address. Gateway Displays the default or next hop gateway to reach the destination.
  • Seite 258 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-81. Default IP Address window OSPF Link State Database Table The switch maintains two OSPF Link State Databases (LSDB) − Internal and External. The Internal LSDB describes the Link State Advertisements (LSA) for OSPF Antonymous Systems (AS). The External LSDB describes the LSAa for those ASs not belonging to OSPF.
  • Seite 259 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set or are displayed: Parameter Description Area ID Displays the OSPF Area ID. Advertise Displays the Advertising Router’s ID. Router ID LSDB Type Displays which one of four types of link advertisements by which the current link was discovered by the switch −...
  • Seite 260 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 7-83. OSPF External LSDB Table window The following fields can be set or are displayed: Parameter Description Adv Router Displays the Advertising Router’s ID. Link State This field identifies the portion of the internet environment that is being described by the advertisement.
  • Seite 261 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide IGMP Group Table To view the IGMP Group table: Click the IGMP Group Table link: Figure 7-85. IGMP Group Table window To display a particular multicast group, enter either the IP address in the Interface Name field, enter the multicast group IP address in the Multicast Group field, highlight GO, and press Enter.

  • Seite 262: Technical Specifications

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ECHNICAL PECIFICATIONS General Standards: IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T Ethernet IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet IEEE 802.3z 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802.1 P/Q VLAN IEEE 802.3x Full-duplex Flow Control ANSI/IEEE 802.3 Nway auto-negotiation Protocols:...
  • Seite 263 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Physical and Environmental AC inputs: 100 - 240 VAC, 50/60 Hz (internal universal power supply) Power 40 watts maximum Consumption: DC fans: 2 built-in 40 x 40 x10 mm fan Operating 0 to 50 degrees Celsius...

  • Seite 264: Sample Configuration File

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide AMPLE ONFIGURATION This Appendix provides a sample configuration file that can be used with the Update Firmware and Configuration Files screen in the console program. The configuration file is a simple text file that you create. It has two functions: to point to the location of a file on a TFTP server, and to set the IP address, subnet mask and default gateway for the switch.
  • Seite 265 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Notes about the Configuration File: This configuration file can only contain 4 settings: Code_type, Ip_addr, Subnet_mask Default_gateway Each command can only appear once in the configuration file. If both the Firmware Update and Use Configuration file options are enabled, the Firmware Update command will take precedence and only the firmware file will be uploaded to the switch.

  • Seite 266: Runtime Switching Software Default Settings

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide UNTIME WITCHING OFTWARE EFAULT ETTINGS Load Mode Ethernet Switch Operation Mode Layer 2 Configuration update Disable Firmware update Disable Configuration file name None Firmware file name None Out-of-band baud rate 9600 RS232 mode...

  • Seite 267: Understanding And Troubleshooting The Spanning Tree Protocol

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide NDERSTANDING AND ROUBLESHOOTING THE PANNING ROTOCOL When the spanning-tree algorithm determines a port should be transitioned to the forwarding state, the following occurs: • The port is put into the listening state where it receives BPDUs and passes them to the switch’s CPU.

  • Seite 268: Listening State

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Listening State The listening state is the first transition for a port from the blocking state. Listening is an opportunity for the switch to receive BPDUs that may tell the switch that the port should not continue to transition to the forwarding state, but should return to the blocking state (that is, a different port is a better choice).

  • Seite 269: Learning State

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Learning State A port in the learning state prepares to participate in frame forwarding. The port enters the learning state from the listening state. A port in the learning state does the following: •...

  • Seite 270: Forwarding State

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Forwarding State A port in the forwarding state forwards packets. The port enters the forwarding state from the learning state when the forward delay timer expires. A port in the forwarding state does the following: •...

  • Seite 271: Disabled State

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Disabled State A port in the disabled state does not participate in frame forwarding or STP. A port in the disabled state is virtually non-operational. A disabled port does the following: •...

  • Seite 272: Troubleshooting Stp

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Troubleshooting STP Spanning Tree Protocol Failure A failure in the STA generally leads to a bridging loop. A bridging loop in an STP environment comes from a port that should be in the blocking state, but is forwarding packets.

  • Seite 273: Full/Half Duplex Mismatch

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In this example, B has been elected as the designated bridge and port 2 on C is in the blocking state. The election of B as the designated bridge is determined by the exchange of BPDUs between B and C. B had a better BPDU than C.

  • Seite 274: Unidirectional Link

    DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In the above example, port 1 on B is configured as a full-duplex port and port 1 on A is either configured as a half-duplex port, or left in auto-negotiation mode. Because port 1 on B is configured as a full-duplex port, it does not do the carrier sense when accessing the link.

  • Seite 275: Packet Corruption

    Resource Errors The DES-3326 Layer 3 switch performs its switching and routing functions primarily in hardware, using specialized ASICs. STP is implemented in software and is thus reliant upon the speed of the CPU and other factors to converge. If the CPU is over-utilized, it is possible that BPDUs may not be sent in a timely fashion.
  • Seite 276 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Although the STP can elect a root bridge, a well-designed network will have an identifiable root for each VLAN. Careful setup of the STP parameters will lead to the selection of this best switch as the root for each VLAN.
  • Seite 277 VLAN and allows the removal of all redundant links by removing switch A or B from the network. Impact of Layer 3 Switching. The IP routing operational mode of the DES-3326 Layer 3 switch can accomplish the following: • Building a forwarding table, and exchanging information with its peers using routing protocols.
  • Seite 278 DES-3326 Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Using layer 3 switches and IP routing eliminates the need for STP port blocking because the packets are routed by destination addresses. The link redundancy remains, and relying on the routing protocols gives a faster convergence than with STP.

  • Seite 279: Brief Review Of Bitwise Logical Operations

    RIEF EVIEW OF ITWISE OGICAL PERATIONS The logical operation compares 2 bits and if they are both “ then the result is otherwise, the 1”, “1”, result is “0”. The logical operation compares 2 bits and if either or both bits are then the result is otherwise, “1”,...

  • Seite 280: Index

    NDEX Dynamic filtering ............29 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Module........21 100BASE-FX Fiber (MTRJ Type) Module ....20 Egress port..............37 100BASE-FX Fiber Module ..........20 End Node ...............22 100BASE-TX Device ............23 Enterasys WebView User Interface ......189 100BASE-TX Module ...........19 Ethernet protocol ............14 10BASE-T Device ............23 factory reset ..............92 ................259 Filtering................29 AC inputs...
  • Seite 281 Subnet Mask ............97, 196 Super User .............90, 185 Network Classes Class A, B, C for Subnet Mask ......97, 196 NV-RAM ...............91, 186 tagging ................37 NWay ................11 Tagging .................37 TCP/IP Settings............96, 194 terminal emulator ............87 ............259 Operating Temperature terminal parameters............87 Out-of-Band/Console Setting menu.....100, 199 Third-party vendors’...
  • Seite 282 Via Nino Bonnet n. 6/b, 20154, Milano, Italy TEL: 39-02-2900-0676 FAX: 39-02-2900-1723 URL: www.dlink.it E-MAIL: info@dlink.it Japan D-Link Japan 10F, 8-8-15 Nishi-Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan TEL: 81-3-5434-9678 FAX: 81-3-5434-9868 URL: www.d-link.co.jp E-MAIL: kida@d-link.co.jp Netherlands D-Link Benelux Fellenoord 1305611 ZB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands...
  • Seite 283 South Africa D-Link South Africa 102 – 106 Witchhazel Avenue, Einstein Park 2, Block B, Highveld Technopark, Centurion, South Africa TEL: 27 (0) 12-665-2165 FAX: 27 (0) 12-665-2186 URL: www.d-link.co.za E-MAIL: attie@d-link.co.za Spain D-Link Iberia C/Sabino De Arana, 56 Bajos, 08028 Barcelona, Spain TEL: 34 93 4090770 FAX: 34 93 4910795 URL: www.dlinkiberia.es...
  • Seite 284 8. What category best describes your company? Aerospace Engineering Education Finance Hospital Legal Insurance/Real Estate Manufacturing Retail/Chainstore/Wholesale Government Transportation/Utilities/Communication System house/company Other________________________________ 9. Would you recommend your D-Link product to a friend? Don't know yet 10.Your comments on this product? __________________________________________________________________________________________...

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