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b) Steel wool, grease rags, solvents, gasoline, or fuels may only
be stored in designated places and containers. Make sure to
observe the rules for fire protection.
c) When working in the engine compartment, wear safety glasses
and protective gloves to protect your eyes and hands from bat-
tery acid, gasoline, dust, airborne particles and loose machine
parts
d) Never look into the exhaust pipes of carburetor when the
engine is running, since flames can be expected from back-
fires, misfires, flames it is a flame at a setback, wrong mis-
aligned or defective valves from the exhaust pipes.
e) When the motor is running, never touch rotating parts such as
the ventilator, drive-belts, disc-belts, etc. If you have long hair,
wear a hairnet. Do not work with loose clothing and/or neckties
if the motor is running.
f) No load measurements (toggle switch switched off) with a run-
ning engine! !
g) Do not wear any jewelry such as necklaces, rings (also ear-
rings), or watches etc. carbon monoxide gas (co. gas) leaving
perhaps (at the burning arising)
h) Ensure sufficient ventilation (garage or workshop) is uncondi-
tional worries for you extremely poisonously).
i) Avoid contact with the exhaust and cooling systems. Risk of
burning! Never open the radiator cap of a running or hot
engine.
k) Make sure that your vehicle is braked (engaged parking brake),
no gear is engaged, and that the vehicle is in "park" with vehi-
cles having automatic transmissions.
l) Do not smoke when making measurements or working on the
motor vehicle battery! Solvent vapors and hydrogen gas at the
20
C Starter test
With this test, it can be determined relatively easily whether your
vehicle starter does not take enough current from the battery. Cur-
rents of more than approx. 200 Amp can be produced. Make
absolutely sure that the battery is correct before this test. If the bat-
tery is weak or defective, then this test is not useful. Proceed as fol-
lows:
• Attach the clamps polarity with the insulated terminals of the bat-
tery and gently shake the clamps for a secure contact (upper oxi-
dation "scratched-off").
• Refer to the following table. Here is listed the minimum voltage for
the battery, during the starting process with starter (lower part =
Cranking) and without starter (upper part). This value is relatively
dependent on vehicle type, engine size, etc. being used. The
table entries apply for vehicles with a engine size of 3600 cc or
greater. For engines with less than 3600 cc, use the next highest
voltage value.
• Start the machine (engine) and read the voltage value during the
starting process.
Compare the value with the following table. If the value is sub-
stantially lower than the "cranking" voltage, either the starter is
defective or there is a bad cable connection (transmission resis-
tance) or the battery is too small (under-sized) for the motor vehi-
cle.
Running voltage (in V) 10.2
Minimum starting
voltage (in V)
7.7
Example:The running voltage without starter is 11.0 V. When start-
ing, the voltage drops to approx. 9.7 V. The engine size
is 3600 cc or more. If the engine size is under 3600, the
voltage may drop to no less than 10.2 V* (less starting
current / performance).
10.4 10.6 10.8 11.0 11.2 11.4
8.2
8.7
9.2
9.7
10.2 10.6
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