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welding pool and the transferring droplets
against oxygen and nitrogen in the
surrounding air. The electrode melts during
welding. A part of the coating vaporises so a
protective gaseous shield originates.
part of the coating floats on the welding pool (it
is lighter than steel) and also protects the
cooling weld. After cooling this coating
becomes a solid but easily removable slag on
the welded joint.
• Handle the electrodes with care so the coating
is not broken. Make sure that the electrodes
are thoroughly dry, so store them in a
moisture-free place.
• It is of great importance to use the right
electrode to make a good and strong welded
joint. A universal electrode will in many cases
be suitable for your work.The electrode
packaging mentions in which positions
welding can be done with the electrodes
concerned (above the head, downwards, etc.
bearing in mind the speed of melting of the
electrode). Separate electrodes are
commercially available for the welding of types
of stainless steel and cast iron. Consult your
dealer about purchasing the right electrode.
c. Protective clothing
Wear thoroughly covering clothing so that the
likelihood of the skin being burnt by ultraviolet
radiation or splashes of metal is minimised.
Preferably wear cotton overalls, welding gloves
and safety shoes. Make sure that welding spatter
cannot end up in gloves or shoes.
A (leather) welding apron stops burning and
sparks damaging overalls.
d. Face protection
Fig. 2
Use a good welding mask with (dark) welding
glass and protective glass. Check that both
glasses are correctly fitted (well-fastened and not
allowing any sunlight in).
The welding mask protects the welder against
radiation, heat and weld spatter released during
the welding process. This also reduces the
inhalation of welding fumes. The invisible
ultraviolet rays cause so-called "welder's flash".
This already originates after a few seconds of
looking into the electric arc.
Avoid the effects of this radiation and high
temperatures on the face and other exposed body
parts such as the neck and arms.
Protect yourself against the dangerous effects of
Ferm
the electric arc and keep persons who are not
participating in the work at least 15 m from the arc.
Persons or assistants working in the vicinity of the
electric arc must be advised of the hazards and
they must be equipped with the required protective
gear. If required, set up protective walls.
e. Working environment
• Ensure a well ventilated working environment.
Gases are released when welding that are a
danger to your health.
• Remove all flammable objects from the
working environment. Welding causes sparks
and hot metal.
• Make sure that cooling water is present in the
vicinity of workplace. Do not leave just welded
(hot) workpieces unattended in the workplace.
Cool the workpiece before leaving the
workplace.
Protection against radiation and burns
• At the work place, the hazard to the eyes must
be indicated by a sign stating "Caution! Do not
look at the flames!" The workstations must be
shielded as much as possible in such a
manner that personnel standing in the vicinity
of the workstation are protected. Keep
unauthorized personnel away from the
welding work.
• In the immediate vicinity of the stationary
workstations, the walls should not be brightly
colored or glossy. Windows must be coated
with suitable paint to at least eye-level to
prevent radiation reflecting or passing
through.
Bringing into use
Fig. 3
Tip: Before you start welding difficult workpieces it
is best to first try the welding out on a test piece.
• Ensure a clean workpiece: remove any rust,
grease and paint residues.
• Set the required current intensity using the
knob on the front of the welding appliance.
The choice of current intensity depends on the
workpiece and the type of electrode used.
• Place the part of the electrode without coating
in the electrode holder and connect the earth
terminal to the workpiece.
• Switch the welding appliance on with the main
switch.
• Keep the welding mask in front of your face
and move the point of the electrode over the
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