xclear BEADFILTER 400 Bedienungsanleitung Seite 2

INTRODUCTION TO BEAD FILTRATION
WHAT IS THE THEORY BEHIND BEAD FILTER OPERATION?
Bead lters accomplish two goals, one being water polishing (solids capture) and the other being bio ltration. Other ltration systems also
accomplish these goals, but are much larger and more di cult to clean. The advantage of the bead lter is that it provides a home for
bene cial bacteria with high surface area for a large colony per cubic foot and ne particulate straining all within the same vessel. The other
big advantage the bead lters have over other types of lters is that they are much easier to clean. This makes the hobby of KOI or pond
keeping a lot more enjoyable, with less work involved in maintaining a healthy environment for the sh.
HOW DOES A BEAD FILTER PERFORM MECHANICAL FILTRATION?
Mechanical ltration or clari cation is the process of removing suspended solids from water. Suspended solids in a recirculating system are
generally small particles of undigested food, bacteria, and algae. These solids tend to reduce the clarifying of water and cause problems in
consuming tremendous amounts of oxygen, also needed by our beloved sh. Bead lters remove solids from water by di erent mechanisms.
Physical straining is probably the most dominant mechanism of removing larger particles (>50 microns). Finer particles (<20 microns) are
removed at a lower rate by a process called bio absorption. The particles are captured by bacterial bio lm on the surface of the bead. Studies
show that bead lters capture 100% of particles >50 microns and 48% of particles in the 5-10 micron range per pass. The more passes the
more solids captured. **Important** in order for the bead lter to perform FINE micron straining it MUST be fully colonized with bacteria.
Depending on the temperature this can take up to 4-6 weeks, at temps. above 60-65 degrees F.
HOW DOES A BEAD FILTER PERFORM BIO FILTRATION?
Bio ltration depends on the establishment of a colony of bacteria on the surface of the beads large enough to convert dissolved toxic
nitrogenous waste to harmless compounds. When the bacteria are given the proper environment, they grow in a thin bio lm on the surface
of each bead. Each cubic foot of beads contains about 600,000 beads. This is one of the secrets of the bead lters´ success--high surface area
per cubic foot for a large bacterial colony per cubic foot of lter media. The two most common types of bacteria are, Nitrosamines, which is
responsible for the break down of ammonia in the system. The next is Nitrobacteria, which is responsible for the breakdown of nitrite into
relatively harmless nitrate. **Important** in order for the bead lter to perform Bio ltration the beads must be colonized with a large
enough colony to handle the load of dissolved ammonia presented to it. This may take up to 4-6 weeks at temps. above 60-65 degrees F. Until
the colony has grown large enough, the pond owner MUST be responsible for monitoring the levels of ammonia and nitrites in the pond
water and taking appropriate measures to correct dangerously high levels.
HOW DO YOU SIZE A BEADFILTER?
Unlike the most of the traditional multi-chamber lters we do not only regard pond capacity but also to the (future) sh load. One often
forgets to keep in mind that our koi grow very fast each year and we often buy new sh. In case of a multi-chamber lter this means we need
a lot of extra space to install the lter but in the case of an Xclear Bead lter the di erence in dimensions is not that big. What matters is the
amount of beads. The biggest model can be placed on a surface of 1m² ! So rst check the max. sh load for each model that suits your
(future) sh load. For ornamental ponds without koi you can multiply the max. pond content by 2.
WHAT PUMP DO I USE WITH MY FILTER?
As Xclear Bead lters are pressure vessels, the pump sits in front of the lter, therefore almost any external dry mounted pump with a head
pressure of 6-7 is suitable. Keep the pressure loss in mind regarding the lter and the pipe work. A good rule of thumb is that the pump must
be capable to have a ow of about 40 - 50% of the pond contents per hour with a head pressure of 0,2 – 0,3 bar (2 - 3 meter). With the bypass
system it is also possible to use low pressure pumps which saves a lot of energy!
IS AN XCLEAR BEADFILTER ONLY SUITABLE FOR PONDS?
No, an Xclear Bead lter is also very suitable for salt- and fresh water aquaria and
is also very suitable for swimming ponds.
BYPASS SYSTEM
Installing the bypass allows the use of more economical pumps. Due to a very compact
bypass-system, the multi-way valve is completely unused during ltering as the water
ows directly into the lter and also leaves the lter in a direct line. This action results
in at least 30% less pressure loss (depending on the type of pump). Thanks to its threaded
coupling the bypass system is easy to install. Connection: 400/500/600; 50mm.
750/900; 63mm.
2
All manuals and user guides at all-guides.com
INLET
PUMP
EN
RETURN
TO POND